透明家庭第一季

聊一下这个片子。前两年，别人问我美剧有什么不好，我可能会声讨一下美国那种大而化一的模范价值观吧。虽然有很多像美国丽人那样的美国本土电影已经把这个东西损透了，但是美国主流文化还是日复一日地重复着他们所谓的正统思想。什么是正统思想？其实就是一种积极阳光的成功哲学。这种想法本身没什么可说的，想一下哪个世界阴暗的角落不需要让励志鸡汤来帮持一把。但实际上，让所有社会上的人都朝着一个方向努力，最后达到一个非常完整人生的这种中产阶级之梦有着许多副作用。比如，在急功近利的同时，“完美”是最重要的，然而这种具有统一定义的完美并不是每个个体内心真正想要的。也就是说，为了达到这种主流价值观的要求，很多人会牺牲掉自己的幸福。如果留心的话就会发现，这中价值观的插入停留在很多电影电视里面，故事虽然俗套但是却被大众更易接受，何乐而不为呢？

但是不管怎么说，社会确实一直都在对以前进行着反思。对于美国来说，反叛性的电影小说音乐战后进入了黄金期，成了比较主流的边缘文化。电视剧则面向大众，这方面发展缓慢不级英国。

这部之所以出彩里一个重要的原因就是对美国以往的“完美”似生活的突破，编剧真是用心了。一般这种突破都是下一代比如把家里的儿子写成同性恋，儿子来和自己的父母在这些问题上进行冲突，而且儿子还不能是故事的核心，而是作为一个配角也就是一个边缘存在着。这种画风是几乎全部覆盖，就连专门做为同性恋电视剧的queer as folk都不能免俗。虽然以同性恋为中心，但是里面的男主却与直男的性格无比相似。以这种无比男人无比阳刚的出现在一部同志剧里无非是想去迎合主流价值观，收到更多人的接受。但是transparent真的在这方面无比无比的牛逼，编剧然最为争议最为让人无法接受的角色按在了父亲的身上，让他成为她，不是作为喜欢男人而是自我性别定义为女人的中老年男子当做主角。这样一来，LGBT不再是与父母反抗的儿女，而是他们自己的父亲。这就是编剧想告诉美国人民，并不是现在文化造成你们的孩子和别人不同。他们捅破了这层窗户纸，肯定让很多人都接受不了，而我却觉得实在是痛快非常，可歌可泣。

第二个出彩的因素就是四个字“不卑不亢”。这点实际上是super cool！太多太多的歇斯底里了，关于边缘人主题而言简直就是过度消费，为了基情而激情，专门拍给少不更事的腐女看。然而这部，作为漩涡中心的主人虽然要按照自己的方式成为女人，却是全剧最冷静最睿智最处事不惊的一个人，具备着最为完整的人类情感。一旦到了这份儿上，你要是再去怀着好奇之心去怜悯人家，就是你的见识短浅了。

既然是家庭剧，就还得说一下别的角色，也就是男（女）主那三个孩子。

大姐，要强，出色一直顺风顺水，知道遇到中年危机。这里的中年危机是年龄上的，她失去了与丈夫之间的感觉，又被工作子女拖累，整个人疲惫不堪。至于她是不是Les都不一定，她好像飘忽在两种性向之间。对于我而言，她更需要的是自己状态的改变，而不是对自己的恋情认真。因为这段拉拉情，她最明白自己的父亲也是第一个接受的。我并不欣赏她对前夫和自己现任的做法，但是我认同她对亲情的维护。

二弟，从小没有存在感，父母闹矛盾时正处于青春期，没有大姐的成熟也没有小妹的聪慧，他实际上在童年受到了最大的伤害。看完这部可能会有很多人不太喜欢他，对前女友对后面的女友他都处理的不对，表面上看上去想要个家庭很靠谱，实际上忽略了对方的感受很自私。但是对这个love addict我是充满了同情的，童年缺爱致使他这样，实际上内心深处还是那个没有人在乎的无法安放自己的青春期男孩，敏感而自卑。他对父亲的态度是很不接受的，除了自己是直男这个既定原因以外，另一方面大概就是父亲变化太大会遗弃自己吧。唉，我是很心疼这个“渣男”的。

最后说说三女儿。我想，所有，年轻人，都，能明白。年轻人还不想让自己的一生定下公式，人在二十岁的时候要是能看到自己五十岁什么样是很恐怖的，而且她有那么聪明，从小被父亲器重。在冥冥中，她觉得自己肯定不会有一种寻常的人生，所以她不停地换着兴趣爱好不停地尝试着跟不同的人生活。她可能过于痛苦觉得没人能理解，所以才会跟自己的父亲有难么大的争执。对于父亲决心做女人这件事，也就恍惚了一下就没起波澜了，因为她和父亲争论的另有焦点。



正视自己，有一份责任心就行了，抛弃什么选择什么这些要当机立断。

ok了，去看吧。

平均三句一错吧……挂一漏万地摘录几处——

第4集：
9分16秒，“My dad came out to Ali.” 被译为“我爸爸去找阿里了”，应为“我爸向Ali出柜了。”
10分25秒，“Outing a trans person, it’s like an act of violence.” 被译为“批判一个变性的人就好比一个暴力行为”，应为“暴露一个跨性别者的身份，这简直是暴力行为。” [按，拜托不要再把trans译为“变性”啦……第8集中的一大段倒叙戏，不就是为了反思曾经在“变性者”（transsexuality）与“易装者”（crossdressing）之间划定的界线、以及因而衍生出的冲突和压迫吗？]
11分16秒，“She, like, made me squirt.”被译为“她让我欲望膨胀”，应为“她，那个，搞到我潮吹。”
11分19秒，“You mean female ejaculation?” 被译为“你是说女性高潮？”，应为“你是说女性射液？”

第9集：
Raquel和Josh的一整段对话完全译错……[按，Rabbi即犹太教的“拉比”（其实标准发音是“拉拜”），专业神职人员（故其现代职业伦理要求不可以与聚会者发生亲密关系），笼统地说，可类比天主教教会中的神父、新教教会中的牧师或清真寺里的阿訇的角色。这位Raquel就是一个Rabbi。]
Raquel: I could have been kicked out of the temple.
字幕译法：我可能会被教堂扫地出门。
本人译法：我已经可以被教会扫地出门了。
Josh: For what?
字幕译法：为什么？
本人译法：（一致）
Raquel: For fucking a congregant, Josh.
字幕译法：因为和宗教人士在一起，乔什。
本人译法：因为和信众（聚会者）上床，Josh。
Josh: I'm not a congregant.
字幕译法：我不是宗教人士。
本人译法：我不是信众（聚会者）。
Raquel: I put you on list. I added you to my email blast.
字幕译法：我把精力都放在你身上，还没完没了发邮件。
本人译法：我把你拉进来了。我把你加入我的邮件组了。[按，这一句其实很好笑，也含有对美国当代宗教组织和专业主义吐槽的意味，而误译完全抹杀了其喜剧效果。]
Josh: Yeah, I'll unsubscribe. I don't care.
字幕译法：是的，我会注销账户，无所谓。
本人译法：好吧，我会取消订阅的。我没关系。
Raquel: That is really gentlemanly.
字幕译法：这是真正的绅士。
本人译法：（反讽）您真有礼貌。

————————————————————
附上一个trans小词典，来源：http://transwhat.org/glossary/

An ally, in this context, refers to a cisgender (see below) person who fully supports the rights of trans people, treats their genders with respect, and actively helps work against transphobia. Allies are educated about trans issues and are willing to speak up against discrimination.

Androgyny is the quality exhibited by people who are difficult to identify as either clearly male or clearly female. Some trans people whose genders cannot be classified as strictly male or strictly female call themselves androgynes.

Assignment of gender refers to the way that we assume others' genders based on their bodies. When a child is born, our culture slots it into one of two groups: male or female, avoiding all overlap. We "determine" the child's "correct" identity based on a quick visual assessment of the appearance of its sexual organs, and we do so by following a specific dichotomy. (A vulva-bearing child is typically assigned female at birth, or AFAB, for short. A penis-bearing child is typically assigned male at birth, or AMAB.) Gender assignment mostly tends to work out for those involved, but many trans people are notable exceptions to this.

Cisgender is a word used to describe people who are not transgender; likewise, cissexual describes the non-transsexual. This word is a simple opposite, formed by using the prefix "cis" (on the same side/not "across") as opposed to "trans" (across/beyond).

Coming out, in reference to trans people, can have two separate meanings:

From a non-transitioned person: disclosing to someone else that you are trans, and that your preferred gender is not the one that you were assigned at birth.
From a transitioned person: disclosing to someone else that you have transitioned, and were not originally assigned as a member of the gender in which you currently live.
Crossdressing is a term that describes the practice of using clothing tailored toward the wearer's "opposite" gender. Men who dress this way would wear clothes made for women, and vice versa. A desire to crossdress isn't uncommon in straight cisgender males — some crossdressers, however, would characterize themselves as transgender. Sometimes crossdressers are called CDs for short.

Drag is a type of performance that features crossdressed people; women who perform drag are called drag kings, and men drag queens. (Note that not all crossdressing is part of a drag act.) Kings and queens are often lesbian or gay, though not always — many identify with other sexual orientations. Some drag performers would call themselves trans, and some would not.

Dysphoria, in this context, describes a variety of negative feelings that are related or connected to someone's gender or sex. Trans people who experience dysphoria may be profoundly uncomfortable with certain aspects of their bodies, particularly sex characteristics. They may also have a strong aversive reaction — perhaps sadness, or anger, or disgust — upon being called by the (inappropriate) pronouns of their birth-assigned genders, or the inappropriate-gender names that were used for them before they came out.

Femininity refers to qualities that are thought of as being womanly, that are typically ascribed to women, and that are considered to be socially appropriate for a woman's behavior. People who exhibit self-described femininity do not necessarily think of themselves as women: some men (including trans men) are feminine, some women are, some genderqueer or androgynous people are.

Female-to-male (FTM, FtM, F2M) is an adjective or noun for men whose bodies were initially assigned female. These men often undergo the social and/or medical transition that the acronym implies.

Gender refers to the sociological set of boundaries and signifiers that may define people as being feminine, masculine, or androgynous. When you look at someone and decide that she's a girl, based on her appearance, behavior, and presentation of self, you're judging her gender (not her sex).

The gender binary is a very common system of thought, referring to certain ideas that many people hold about gender and sex. The gender binary is not correct. It presumes that everyone is either male or female (not so!), and it implies that trans people flat-out do not exist. It is based on the following three principles:

There are two genders: man and woman.
Every human is either a man/boy or a woman/girl.
Humans born with XY chromosomes, penises, testicles, etc. are always men; humans with XX chromosomes, vaginas, ovaries, etc. are always women.
More accurately, it could instead be said that:

There are many genders; man and woman are, as it happens, the two most common.
Not all humans are either men/boys or women/girls. Lots are, some aren't.
Gender and physical sex have a complex relationship to one another, and being born with a certain body doesn't guarantee a certain identity. The majority of men were assigned at birth as "male," and women assigned as "female." The human population varies widely, however, and the former statement is certainly not infallible — hence the need for this website!
Gender identity describes the psychological recognition of oneself as being a member of a certain gender. Gender identity is determined by a person's internal perceptions; it is separate from physical sex, which is an absolute that's determined before birth.

Gender-neutral pronouns are used to avoid referring to someone as "he/him" or "she/her." Some people explicitly ask for gender-neutral pronouns, as these are the most comfortable for them; other people will use them as generics. A short list of the most common gender-neutral pronouns:

They, them
They smiled • I called them • their cat purred • it's theirs • they like themselves

Sie, hir (pron. see/hear)
Sie smiled • I called hir • hir cat purred • it's hirs • sie likes hirself

Zie, zim (like he/him, but with a "z" at the front)
Zie smiled • I called zim • zir cat purred • it's zirs • zie likes zirself

Ey, em (like they/them without the "th")
Ey smiled • I called em • eir cat purred • it's eirs • ey likes emself

Gender presentation refers to the way a person looks, dresses, or acts; it describes the "gender signifiers" that are part of their external appearance or mannerisms. Drag kings who wear stick-on beards, for example, are deliberately trying to make their gender presentations as masculine as possible.

Genderqueer is an identity taken on by a variety of people who feel that, in some way, the very substance of their genders lies outside the gender binary's two labels of "male" and "female."

Gender role describes the set of expectations that are ascribed to a certain gender in any given culture, relating to how to people of that gender "should" (among other things) behave, talk, dress, and think.

Male-to-female (MTF, MtF, M2F) is an adjective or noun for women whose bodies were initially assigned male. These women often undergo the social and/or medical transition that the acronym implies.

Masculinity refers to qualities that are thought of as being manly, that are typically ascribed to men, and that are considered to be socially appropriate for a man's behavior. People who exhibit self-described masculinity do not necessarily think of themselves as men: some women (including trans women) are masculine, some men are, some genderqueer or androgynous people are.

Non-op, short for non-operation, describes people who don't plan to undergo any surgery related to their trans status. There are a variety of reasons for this decision, ranging from pervasive medical difficulties to discontent with the surgical results to simple lack of desire.

A person who passes, although assigned with one physical sex, is able to resemble the other sex closely and convincingly in the public eye. This word is technically a misnomer; trans people who "pass" are not doing so as trickery or disguise, but rather revealing their actual genders.

Post-op is a simple descriptive term used for people who have completed all the sex reassignment surgery that they plan to undergo.

Pre-op, likewise, refers to people who wish/plan to have surgery, but who have not yet undergone it.

Sex refers to various qualities displayed by the human body that, strictly medically speaking, define people as being male, female, or intersex. When you decide that a someone's sex is female, you're mentally juggling many different traits of her physical self — her genitals, her hormone levels, her chromosomes, her internal sex organs, her secondary sex characteristics — and finally making the judgment call that her body can be, as a whole, classifiable as "female" according to the normative standards of medical science. (Note that the "scientific standards" of sex are at least partly culturally determined, according to a society's notion of what makes a body male or female.) Sex is distinct from gender.

Sexual orientation refers to, simply, towards whom someone's sexual desires and drives are oriented — perhaps towards only women, or only men, or towards nobody, or regardless of gender. It is separate and independent of gender identity.

Sex[ual] reassignment surgery refers to several types of operations; it is typically used to describe vaginoplasty (the creation of a vagina), metoidioplasty and phalloplasty (two ways to create a penis), and mastectomy (removal of the breasts, typically in a trans man). Certain other surgeries, involving removal of various parts of the internal reproductive system, are also often considered forms of SRS.

Stealth is a descriptor of people who, after beginning transition and living in their preferred genders, do not readily tell others about their upbringings or past lives within the birth-assigned gender. Some people are only comfortable when living in "deep" stealth, some practice stealth to a degree, and some choose to be more or less open about their trans statuses.

Transgender is an umbrella word that refers to all the folks who, more or less, either

Do not identify with the genders assigned to them at birth, either wholly or partially;
Consider themselves members of their birth-assigned genders, but who also state that their identities are strongly and consistently gender-variant (that is, radically different from what is expected of a "man" or "woman").
Some people who fall under these categories do not define themselves as transgender, for a span of different reasons, mostly having to do with personal preference and experience. When in doubt, ask the individual.

Transition refers to the process of changing one's living situation so that it suits the individual's gender identity more accurately. It can entail quite a lot of different actions, ranging from a social name-change to sex reassignment surgery, and has been given its own section on this website so that I may explain it in more detail.

Transsexuality describes the condition of being described/assigned as a medically typical "male" or "female" at birth, but having an identity that lies exclusively or near-exclusively within the gender that people tend to call opposite. A transsexual man was initially assigned female, and was probably raised within the female gender; vice versa with a transsexual woman. Transsexual-identified people often undergo a social/physical transition in order to live more comfortably within their true genders.

Transvestism is a rather outdated word that is equivalent to "crossdressing," and is usually used in reference to men who dress as women. Its use should be avoided, as some find it offensive.

If everything we do, is on us.
No god, no parents, no judging fingers.
Would we be like, more aware of the consequence of every decision we make and more willing to take the responsibility?
It's like, I made a choice, I live with it.
Just as simple as that.
Would our lives be simpler & easier?
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相对于中文翻译来说，剧名本身 Transparent 更能直观地将整个剧的核心表达出来，Trans 是指变性人，Parent 指的是剧中决定变性的父亲。

性，一个习以为常的却又极易误解的概念。

对于大部分观众来说，很容易倾向用猎奇的心态来看待这个剧，一切都是那么新鲜那么不可理喻。
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在整个观剧过程中，你会始终处于一种等待的状态，等待着三个子女的情感爆发、质问、无助、迷惑、不接受，但一直到第1季季终，其实都没有。
因为，相对于决定要做自己的父亲来说，他的三个子女 Sarah、Josh 和 Ali 的生活看起来比Mapa（妈爸，他们给爸爸起的新叫法）要更糟糕。
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相对三个情绪时时不稳定的儿女，妈爸 Maura （原来叫 Mort）的忍让和坚持是让整件事没有走向歇斯底里的主要原因，处事得当和大体，虽然内心依然有胆怯和面对新情况时不知所措，但内心的笃定和对自由的渴望是让他在一片质疑声中不断前行的力量。
<图片4>
人不是独立存在于这个社会当中，身份识别的转变，意味着社会识别的转变。在这种剧烈的转变和适应过程中，要不转变过程受阻中止重新回归到旧社会结构中，要不社会结构调整适应新的身份识别。
后者的时间可能相当漫长，若当事人没有对自由的绝对信仰，是没有办法在长期的消极对抗中成功走到终点。
这种对抗未必是戏剧性的、激烈的，但时间，才是真正扭曲人性的利器。幸好，我们的 Maura 在长达一生的准备当中，已经有了相当雄厚的对抗资本。
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全剧泪点很多，但最感人的都是由 Maura 的前妻和她丈夫 Ed 带来的。患有老人痴呆的 Ed 走失时大家的不上心、大家讨论他的安乐死和闪回时他说的那一句 I'm just here to make you happy，这种对比真是令人心酸。
初次参加 Trans' Got Talent，Maura 的三个子女都顾着处理自己的破事儿而相继离场，唯一能够留在身边的反而是那个离婚的妻子。
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Transparent 的开剧核心本身就带有一种天然的激烈矛盾和对抗，但导演却将整个剧拍得云淡风清，每集的片尾曲更是首首经典，网易云音乐都有专题歌单，大家有兴趣可以去搜一下。

最后，我也想在这里说说 Queer Theory，因为基本上全剧就是基于这个理论出发的。你不需要是LGBT人群，但一颗多元包容的心可以让你对这个世界有一个不一样的视野。
Queer Theory 酷儿理论起源于两个基石：
1.女权主义者对于“性别是真我的一部分”理论的挑战
2.同性恋对于性行为多元化和身份认同在社会关系构建上的本质研究

所以，Queer Theory 虽然是和LGBT的关系相当的密切，但其起源其实有很大一部分是和女权解放结合得相当严密，和女性强调性别并不能成为个人的社会功能划分的基础、解放女性地位的诉求是一致的。
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另外，也从更大范围将易装癖、变性人等群体容纳进来，将核心放在了性行为、性别及欲望三者不匹配的讨论上。
衍生出来的主要理论是人的性取向是流动的，性行为和性取向上具有多元性，不存在二次元、非黑即白的划分；此一时的同性性行为，以及彼一时的异性性行为，都会存在独立的每个个体。
李银河在2003年出过一本译本集，将其在在美国加州大学参加性别问题研讨班期间搜集到的资料整理翻译而成，也对 Queer Theory 理论做了一个相当简易的释注——自由地生活，大家有兴趣可以买来看看。

Transparent 是亚马逊工作室原创的一部高质量美国喜剧电视连续剧，尽管大众翻译它为“透明人生”、“透明家庭”，但在我的诠释里，都不如“坦率人生”这四个字来得更准确贴切，名副其实。
不论该剧描绘的这个家庭生活从前彼此之间有多少难以表述的秘密，与不可言表的复杂关系，但从一家之主对三个孩子开始宣布他决定把房产转让给长女的那刻起，便是每个人揭开秘密，重回坦率的一步棋，无论事发主动或被动，主人公都坦率的接受或是不掩饰的表达。

我们可以批判一切，却没有诋毁他人最本质个性与喜好的资格。

Transparent 的整体构架就像一颗卷心菜，需要逐片剥开外层的裹覆才能寻见内在最鲜嫩的真实，而从家庭的权威者决意顺应天性，涂脂抹粉着装艳丽的招摇过市那刻开始，这个过程就像是一只无形的大手由外而内的一片片扒开这个家庭以及家庭成员的点滴。
虽然故事情节衔接的恰到好处，每一个包袱的抖落偶尔也会使观众略感应接不暇，但它的叙述方式却是格外平静的类型，就像全片柔软的色调一样，事情的发展也是那么的不经意，简单的直述感使电视剧增添了几分真实，就像完全将生活的过程录制剪接下来，变成一部影视作品般那样行云流水，不露声色。
从更主观的角度来说，Transparent 就像解放性向、支持同性游行的活动那样有意义，每个人都有着这样那样的因素将自己画地为牢，无论是为了哪个目的，终究束缚了自己，并因着某个原由不敢挣脱或是不能挣脱。从剧情的走向势态来看，仿佛是在告诉所有那些有现实担忧的人，做自己，并没有错。

剧名的正确理解应该是trans parent因为父亲是trans 全剧围绕父亲试图扔开秘密的包袱走向透明 但其实儿女们也都过着各种与性有关的问题生活 译名非常巧妙的双关 这样的题材虽然很不一般 但每家发生的事情终归不过几大件出轨滥交待业 子女长大后忙于过自己的生活 打电话给父母已经是百忙之中抽空的尽孝 登门拜访谈何容易 结局处小女儿和父亲有段很精彩的正面冲突里面全是我和家父的影子 但是当父亲问出如果不是那些钱你喜欢我吗 台词直接打进心里 人不管活多大生活里最重要的还是爱与被爱 就像狄更斯小说里写的此乃人生第一要义 我们是多么害怕孤独感多么渴望被人认同总是把自己放在最重要的位置思考事情(self-centered) 不分种族 想爸妈了。